When trials concluded in 1891, the evaluators were split in their assessment. In 1889, three rifles were submitted for evaluation: Captain Sergei Ivanovich Mosin of the imperial army submitted his "3-line" caliber (.30 cal, 7.62 mm) rifle Belgian designer Léon Nagant submitted a "3.5-line" (.35 caliber, 9 mm) design and a Captain Zinoviev submitted another "3-line" design (1 " line" = 1⁄ 10 in or 2.54 mm, thus 3 lines = 7.62 mm). Those problems were solved by Russian scientists and engineers (the smokeless powder, for instance, was produced by Dmitri Mendeleev himself). It was supplied together with a model of the cartridge and bullet but without the primer and the smokeless powder. Various weapons were acquired and tested by GAU of the Ministry of Defense of Russian Empire, and in 1889 the Lebel M1886 was obtained through semi-official channels from France. This showed Russian commanders the need to modernize the general infantry weapon of the army. History Initial design and tests ĭuring the Russo-Ottoman War of 1877–1878, Russian troops armed mostly with Berdan single-shot rifles suffered heavy casualties against Turkish troops equipped with Winchester repeating rifles, particularly at the bloody Siege of Pleven. In spite of its age, it has been used in various conflicts around the world up to the present day. It is one of the most mass-produced military bolt-action rifles in history, with over 37 million units produced since 1891. Known officially as the 3-line rifle M1891 and informally in Russia and the former Soviet Union as Mosin's rifle ( Russian: винтовка Мосина, ISO 9: vintovka Mosina), it is primarily found chambered for its original 7.62×54mmR cartridge.ĭeveloped from 1882 to 1891, it was used by the armed forces of the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and various other states. The Mosin–Nagant is a five-shot, bolt-action, internal magazine–fed military rifle. Rear: ladder, graduated from 100 m to 2,000 m (M91/30) and from 100 m to 1,000 m (M38 and M44) Front: hooded fixed post (drift adjustable) PU 3.5 and PEM scope also mounted 30-06 (Bannerman rifles for the US civilian market)] ĥ00 metres (550 yd), 800+ m (875+ yards) with optics Tula, Izhevsk, Sestroryetsk, Manufacture Nationale d'Armes de Châtellerault, Remington, New England Westinghouse, Radom, Cugirħ.92×57mm Mauser (Polish variants & German captures) Mosin–Nagant M1891 Dragoon from the collections at the Swedish Army Museumįirst Italo-Ethiopian War
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